My test result FWIW,
I had a similar, but not identical, situation on my 3GB version. In my case, anything involving writing (expand, default, etc.) would never complete, but slow the system to a crawl in the process.
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could you both please try out my debug image [1]. We already got a similar report from someone on the PinePhone forum [2] where changing the MMC clocking back to previous setting did the trick.
[1] https://genode.org/files/sculpt-pinephone-23.04-2023-05-09.img.xz [2] https://forum.pine64.org/showthread.php?tid=14780&pid=117253#pid117253
No change for me -- boot-up takes a couple additional seconds (probably debugging/tracing enabled?) and the battery indicator says "AC" for a few seconds before displaying the percentage. I then proceeded to the setup steps, - Expand... Confirm... still returns immediately - Tapping "default" results in message "relabelling in progress" displayed for about a third of a second, i.e. it returns immediately too.
FWIW, I have a bunch of SD cards/packages associated with this phone, EMTEC, Verbatim, etc. It seems the one I'm dd'ing the SculptOS image to is a 16 GB "Verbatim premium 80MB/s-read 533x (cl.1)" or some such.
Later on I'll try to make a "swap" with another card, i.e. write LuneOS on that SD card, and write ScultpOS on the (ex) LuneOS card, in case the latter sd-card is more compatible than the former.
Cedric